Ubuntu server can add script in file /etc/network/interfaces
# static route
up route add -net 224.0.0.0/4 dev ethX
or
# static route
up route add -net 224.0.0.0/4 gw interfaceIP
X= Interface that want to use multicast
Add Static Route Multicast in Ubuntu
No Comments »
Enable user root in Ubuntu
If you want to enable root account (which is not recommended) enter the following command.
$sudo passwd root
If you want to change user. You can use command.
$su root
or
$sudo -i
If you want to disable root account in ubuntu you need to lock the root account by using the following command
$sudo passwd -l root
Solved TLS Error directadmin
If you meet the problem some mail cannot recieved in Directadmin host. And after you check in Exim log it show
2xxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx TLS error on connection from xxxserver.com (xxxserver.com) [xxx.xx.xx.xxx] (SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file file=/etc/exim.key): error:0200100D:system library:fopen:Permission denied
You can fix it by chown command.
chown mail:mail /etc/exim.cert
chown mail:mail /etc/exim.key
And verify.
ls -l /etc/exi*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mail mail 1399 Jan 6 12:25 /etc/exim.cert
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 35574 Jan 18 13:53 /etc/exim.conf
-rw------- 1 mail mail 887 Jan 6 12:25 /etc/exim.key
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6912 Jan 14 11:48 /etc/exim.pl
Credit: nealdxmhost(DirectadminForum)
Get CPU Info Linux
cat /proc/cpuinfo
cat /proc/meminfo
dmesg
lspci
Credit: LinuxQuestion
========================================================
Handy bash commands for finding out stuff in Linux:
# Find CPU specifications
cat /proc/cpuinfo
# Find running kernel version
uname -r
# What compiler version do I have installed
gcc -v
gcc –version
# What is the running kernel and compiler installed
cat /proc/version
# Find X server version
X -showconfig
# What pci cards are installed and what irq/port is used
cat /proc/pci
# What kernel modules are loaded
lsmod
# Memory and swap information
cat /proc/meminfo
free
An article: Tips for Optimizing Linux Memory
# How are the hard drives partitioned
fdisk -l
# How much free/used drive space
df -h
# Show disk usage by current directory and all subdirectories
du | less
# What takes up so much space on your box
# Run from the directory in question and the largest chunk shows up last
find $1 -type d | xargs du -sm | sort -g
# What is the distribution
cat /etc/.product
cat /etc/.issue
cat /etc/issue
cat /etc/issue.net
sysinfo
# For finding or locating files
find
locate
which
whereis
# Use dmesg to view the kernel ring buffer (error messages)
dmesg | less
# Watch error messages as they happen (sysklog needed)
as root, tail -f /var/log/messages (shows last 10 lines, use a number in front of f for more lines)
# What processes are running
ps -A
# Find a process by name
ps -ef | grep -i <plain text>
For example, XCDroast
ps -ef xcdroast
# See current environment list, or pipe to file
env | more
env > environmentvariablelist.txt
# Show current userid and assigned groups
id
# See all command aliases for the current user
alias
# See rpms installed on current system
rpmquery –all | less
rpmquery –all > <filename>
rpmquery –all | grep -i <plaintext>
Autospec for tarballs
RPM tools
# What directory am I using
pwd
# Get ls colors in less
ls –color=always | less -R
Look at man <command> or info <command> for the flags I used and for other options you can use for bash commands.
Credit: FancyPiper@linuxquestions
Config Outgoing Mail IP Directadmin
1. Create File domainips file in /etc/virtual and add domain and ip that you want.
“domain1.com : xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
domain2.com : xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx”
such as
guru.com:173.13.52.21
2. Add configuration in /etc/exim.conf
